VoIP protocols can be classified according to their role during message transmission. H.323 and SIP are signaling protocols and thus, they are involved in call setup, teardown, and modification. RTP (real-time transport protocol) and RTCP (real-time transport control protocol) are media transport protocols, and are involved in end-to-end transport of voice and multimedia data. TRIP, SAP, SRP, OSP, et. al. comprise a group of VoIP-related support protocols. Finally, because H.323 mediated VoIP relies upon the underlying transport layer to move data, more traditional protocols that security professionals are familiar with, such as TCP/IP, DNS, DHCP, SNMP, RSVP, and TFTP, may be required.
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