This paper explains the basic principles of quantum cryptography and how these principles apply to quantum key distribution. One specific quantum key distribution protocol called BB84 is described in detail and compared to traditional (nonquantum) cryptographic systems. It is explained how BB84 addresses some of the shortcomings of traditional cryptographic systems. The remaining technical limitations of BB84 are listed. A short overview of commercial implementations of quantum cryptography is given. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of the relevance and future viability of quantum cryptography in today's information security environment.
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