The first time I have dealt with a case where I had to pass IPSec traffic through a NAT device -a firewall-, and learned the difficulties, I thought that this is such a weird setup that I would never meet another one. I was wrong. After meeting two more customers, all with reasonable reasons for such a setup, I decided this topic deserves more attention. Network Address Translation (NAT) proposed a nice solution to the tight IPv4 address space by allowing use of unregistered IP addresses within the organization. Since it hides the local IP addresses from the outer world, only a small number of registered IP addresses would be enough. This means economy. Besides, NAT adds another security level by preventing access to the local hosts unless you explicitly allow it. Using NAT, when you change your ISP, you never have to renumber your hosts. NAT may also be a good method to translate between IPv4 and IPv6 addresses in the future.
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