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MP3Stego: Hiding Text in MP3 Files With the widespread popularity of the MP3 file format and its ubiquitous presence on storage media and the Internet, it was only a matter of time before it joined ranks alongside other steganographic mediums. Johnson defines steganography as "the art of passing information in a manner that the very existence of the message is unknown." Unlike cryptography, which is easily detected (but hopefully difficult to decipher), steganography is an attempt to conceal the very presence of the hidden message. When the two techniques are combined, as they are in MP3Stego, they present a formidable challenge.
By Mark Noto, 05/01/2004
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Hiding in Plain View: Could Steganography be a Terrorist Tool? The events of September 11, 2001 catapulted awareness of terrorism to the forefront of every mind in every civilized culture in the world. They have also raised interest in the ways that terrorists may have communicated and planed these events. Earlier this year, in a USA Today article it was suggested that terror groups may be using the Internet to pass information using techniques including e-mail, chat rooms, bulletin boards and other web sites1. There is also much speculation that these groups may be using technologies like encryption and steganography to help hid their communications.
By Tom Kellen, 05/01/2004
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Steganography: Past, Present, Future Steganography (a rough Greek translation of the term Steganography is secret writing) has been used in various forms for 2500 years. It has found use in variously in military, diplomatic, personal and intellectual property applications. Briefly stated, steganography is the term applied to any number of processes that will hide a message within an object, where the hidden message will not be apparent to an observer. This paper will explore steganography from its earliest instances through potential future application.
By James C. Judge, 05/01/2004
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Steganography and Steganalysis: An Overview In order to understand steganalysis it is essential to have an understanding of steganography (stego), the techniques used to hide information. What is steganalysis? Although my 11 year old daughter insists that steganalysis is the study of a two ton, thirty foot long dinosaur with a brain the size of a walnut, a more modern definition would include the discovery and destruction of hidden information.
By Joshua Silman, 05/01/2004
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An Analysis of Terrorist Groups- Potential Use of Electronic Steganography This paper provides an overview of steganography, its historical use during times of war, and how modern day electronic steganography can be accomplished. An overview is provided of current techniques to detect steganography on the Internet, which have so far failed to uncover any evidence of steganography on the Internet, and possible future avenues of research in detecting online steganography using techniques similar to the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Carnivore system. The paper concludes with examples of the dangers of unsubstantiated steganography claims and privacy considerations in detecting online electronic steganography.
By Stephen Lau, 05/01/2004
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Steganography: What's the real risk? Since September 11, 2001, government officials have sought to change federal and state surveillance laws in order to allow the Federal Bureau of Investigations and the Central Intelligence Agency the ability to monitor suspected terrorist communications inside the United States. Typical monitoring practices include phone tapping, interception of mail, and both video and audio surveillance. With the age of the Internet, a whole host of new ways to communicate has arisen. Now law enforcement officials have to deal with communication as simple as email and as complex as triple-DES encrypted data streams.
By John Hally, 05/01/2004
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Reversing the Steganography Myth in Terrorist Operations: The Asymmetrical Threat of Simple Intelligence Dissemination Techniques Using Common Tools The events of September 11th prompted significant discussion and speculation as to the use of Steganography by terrorists for clandestine and secured communications. Numerous prominent figures in the industry have written articles and given interviews debating whether or not terrorists are using Stego to disseminate information to sleeper cells both in America and abroad. USA Today, for example, quoted "US Officials" this way: "U.S. officials and experts say it's the latest method of communication being used by Osama bin Laden and his associates to outfox law enforcement."
By Robert J. Bagnall, 05/01/2004
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Steganalysis: Detecting hidden information with computer forensic analysis With the wide use and abundance of steganography tools on the Internet, law enforcement authorities have concerns in the trafficking of illicit material through web page images, audio, and other files. Methods of detecting hidden information and understanding the overall structure of this technology is crucial in uncovering these activities.
By Pierre Richer, 05/01/2004
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A Discussion of Covert Channels and Steganography For those whose task it is to assure security, electronic communication without scrutiny that can continue between parties trying to circumvent a security policy poses a risk. This is true whether the ?parties? are individuals with malicious intent or processes with different security levels passing data while running on a shared CPU. Covert communication channels have been present throughout history and continue to be developed, used and sometimes exploited by those intent on keeping their communications not only secret, but also hidden. Awareness has increased in the application of covert channels, fueled by increased demand for development in the field of digital watermarking and fingerprinting for copyright protection and infringement prosecution, and reports of increased use for illegal purposes on the Internet. The technology itself is a double-edged sword.
By Mark Owens, 04/03/2004
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